Research
Breathing motion and spiral arms
Gaia DR3 data reveals a distinct pattern of compressing breathing motion a coherent, antisymmetric vertical motion of stars around the Milky Way's mid-plane aligned with the Local arm. Comparison with an N-body simulation suggests that this pattern indicates the Local arm is in a growth phase, while the expanding breathing motion observed near the Perseus arm may indicate it is in a disruption phase. These findings suggest that the Milky Way harbours dynamic spiral arms in various evolutionary phases.
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Bar resonances
Milky Way has a bar. It affects the orbits and distribution of the disk stars.
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Externaly perturbed Galactic disk
Our Galaxy is externally perturbed by the satellite galaxies
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